Shipping terms
Incoterms 2020 — who pays for what
The eleven international trade terms, side by side. Pick a term to see exactly where the seller's responsibility ends and the buyer's begins — and where risk transfers.
Seller's obligations
Buyer's obligations
All eleven terms
| Term | Name | Pack | Load | Export | Freight | Insure | Unload | Import | Duties | Risk passes to buyer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EXW | Ex Works | S | B | B | B | – | B | B | B | seller's premises |
| FCA | Free Carrier | S | S | S | B | – | B | B | B | handover to carrier |
| CPT | Carriage Paid To | S | S | S | S | – | B | B | B | first carrier (origin) |
| CIP | Carriage & Insurance Paid To | S | S | S | S | S | B | B | B | first carrier (origin) |
| DAP | Delivered at Place | S | S | S | S | – | B | B | B | arrival, ready to unload |
| DPU | Delivered at Place Unloaded | S | S | S | S | – | S | B | B | after unloading |
| DDP | Delivered Duty Paid | S | S | S | S | – | B | S | S | arrival, ready to unload |
| FAS | Free Alongside Ship | S | S | S | B | – | B | B | B | alongside ship (origin) |
| FOB | Free on Board | S | S | S | B | – | B | B | B | on board (origin) |
| CFR | Cost & Freight | S | S | S | S | – | B | B | B | on board (origin) |
| CIF | Cost, Insurance & Freight | S | S | S | S | S | B | B | B | on board (origin) |
Containerised cargo: use FCA / CPT / CIP rather than FOB / CFR / CIF. cycleWASH sells its bike-washing systems EXW only — net, ex works Cologne (Incoterms 2020). Transport, insurance, customs clearance and import duties are the buyer’s. Export packaging is quoted separately. Payment: online orders are paid in full at checkout; orders placed by quote or purchase order pay two-thirds with the order and the remaining third before delivery. From stock where available; otherwise usually within 3–4 weeks (all models) after payment is received. Delivery is confirmed in the sales order.
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